Hypertension
Understanding Hypertension
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a medical condition characterized by elevated pressure exerted by blood against the artery walls. It poses long-term health risks, including heart disease. Blood pressure depends on the volume of blood pumped by the heart and the resistance to blood flow in the arteries. When the heart pumps more blood against narrow arteries, blood pressure rises.
When to Seek Medical Attention?
Patients with hypertension may not experience noticeable symptoms, though some may suffer from headaches, shortness of breath, or nosebleeds. Regular blood pressure checks are crucial, with recommendations varying by age:
- Individuals aged 18-39: At least twice a year.
- Individuals aged 40 and above: At least once a year.
Types of Hypertension: There are two main types:
- Primary Hypertension: Develops gradually with no identifiable cause, often linked to a sedentary lifestyle.
- Secondary Hypertension: Occurs suddenly due to an underlying condition, potentially more severe than primary hypertension. Causes include obstructive sleep apnea, kidney problems, adrenal gland tumors, thyroid issues, congenital defects, and certain medications or illegal drugs.
