Hypothyroidism: Characterized by insufficient thyroid hormone production, which, if left untreated, can lead to Myxedema coma. Causes include autoimmune disorders like Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis, thyroid gland removal, irregular iodine levels, prescription medications, and others. Symptoms may include dry hair, depression, constipation, weight gain, fatigue, and more.
Hyperthyroidism: Involves excessive thyroid hormone production, often due to conditions like Graves’ Disease or high iodine absorption. Symptoms may include tremors, nervousness, rapid heart rate, fatigue, heat intolerance, weight loss, increased sweating, and more.
Goiter: Enlargement of the thyroid gland, often due to iodine deficiency or associated with hyperthyroidism. Symptoms may include neck swelling, breathing difficulties, coughing, wheezing, and hoarse voice.
Thyroid Nodules: Growth of nodules on or inside the thyroid gland, potentially caused by iodine deficiency or autoimmune disorders. Symptoms may include fatigue, dry skin, hair loss, weight gain, and intolerance to cold.
Thyroid Cancer: Though rare, thyroid cancer can develop from thyroid nodules, with types like papillary, medullary, follicular, Hurthle cell, and anaplastic cancers.
Treatment Treatment options depend on the specific thyroid disorder and may include:
Thyroid Medications: Prescribed to regulate hormone production or manage symptoms associated with thyroid disorders.
Radioactive Ablation: Involves selectively destroying thyroid tissue using radioactive iodine, particularly useful in cases of uncontrollable hyperthyroidism.
Thyroid Surgery: Recommended for conditions like large goiters, hyperfunctioning nodules, or thyroid cancer.
Seeking medical attention is crucial for the proper diagnosis and management of thyroid diseases, as untreated conditions can lead to significant health complications.
