• Indirect Contact: involves transmission via objects like doorknobs or tabletops, which harbor germs that can be passed on to healthy individuals upon contact.
• Insect Bites: carriers like mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas transmit diseases from host to host through their bites.
• Food & Water Contamination: diseases can spread through ingestion of contaminated food or water sources.

Symptoms: Symptoms of infectious diseases, caused by bacteria or viruses, often overlap and include:

• Fever
• Diarrhea
• Fatigue
• Muscle Aches
• Coughing
• Skin rashes

Diagnosis: Diagnosing infectious diseases involves various tests, including:

• Laboratory Tests: analyzing body fluids such as blood, urine, throat swabs, stool samples, and cerebrospinal fluid to identify the microorganism causing the disease.
• Imaging Scans: X-rays, CT scans, and MRI scans help confirm diagnoses and rule out other conditions.
• Biopsies: sampling tissue from internal organs for testing.

Treatment: Once the microorganism causing the disease is confirmed, treatment options may include:

• Antibiotics: effective against bacterial infections.
• Antivirals: specifically target viruses.
• Antifungals: treat fungal infections.
• Anti-parasitic drugs: combat diseases caused by parasites.

Prevention: To prevent the spread of infectious diseases, doctors recommend:

• Regular handwashing
• Wearing masks when around sick individuals
• Using antiseptics for wounds